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Cyber security is the practice of protecting computers, networks, and data from unauthorized access, attacks, or damage. It is essential because cyber threats like hacking, malware, and data breaches can cause financial loss, identity theft, and disruption of services.
The most common cyber attacks include:
Phishing – fraudulent emails tricking users into revealing sensitive information.
Malware – viruses, trojans, and ransomware that damage or steal data.
DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) attacks – overwhelming a system with traffic to make it unavailable.
Brute force attacks – hackers guessing passwords through trial and error.
To create a strong password, follow these tips:
Use at least 12 characters (mixing uppercase, lowercase, numbers, and symbols).
Avoid using personal information like names or birthdays.
Enable two-factor authentication (2FA) for added security.
Use a password manager to store complex passwords securely.
Phishing emails often have:
Urgent or threatening language (e.g., "Your account will be suspended!").
Grammar and spelling mistakes in the message.
Unfamiliar sender addresses or suspicious links.
Requests for personal information like passwords or credit card details.
Always verify the sender and avoid clicking on unknown links.
Disconnect from the internet to prevent further damage.
Run a full antivirus scan using reputable security software.
Remove any suspicious programs or files.
Change your passwords in case of data theft.
Keep your operating system and applications updated.
2FA adds an extra layer of protection by requiring two forms of verification:
Something you know (password).
Something you have (a code sent to your phone or email).
This makes it harder for hackers to access accounts, even if they steal a password.
A VPN (Virtual Private Network) encrypts your internet connection, making it harder for hackers to track your online activity or steal data. Benefits of using a VPN include:
Securing public Wi-Fi connections.
Hiding your IP address for anonymous browsing.
Bypassing geo-restrictions to access content safely.
Businesses should:
Implement strong firewalls and security software.
Educate employees on cyber hygiene and phishing awareness.
Use data encryption and secure backups.
Enforce multi-factor authentication (MFA) for sensitive accounts.
Regularly conduct penetration testing to identify vulnerabilities.
AI-powered threat detection – using artificial intelligence to identify cyber threats in real time.
Zero Trust security models – ensuring that no device or user is automatically trusted.
Quantum encryption – using quantum technology to create unbreakable encryption.
Enhanced cloud security – securing remote work and online data storage.